<section powered-by="xiumi.us" style="white-space: normal; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; letter-spacing: 0.544px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span wah-hotarea="click" style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); text-align: justify; caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); margin: 0px 10px 10px 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; font-size: 15px;">Tonii精益讲堂</span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 17px; text-align: justify; caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);">&nbsp;</span><span style="text-align: justify; caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); margin: 0px 10px 10px 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; font-size: 15px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);">2023-07-21</span></section><p><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"></span></p><p><section powered-by="xiumi.us" style="white-space: normal; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: center; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="padding: 0px 5px 0px 20px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; min-width: 10%; vertical-align: top; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section powered-by="xiumi.us" style="padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; text-align: left; transform: translate3d(-20px, 0px, 0px); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; width: 50px; height: 55px; vertical-align: top; overflow: hidden; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section powered-by="xiumi.us" style="padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; text-align: center; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: middle; display: inline-block; line-height: 0; width: 50px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><img data-ratio="1.0538117" src="https://cdn-2c-02.industics.com/public/upload/image/20220615/1655281489782907.gif" data-type="gif" data-w="446" width="100%" data-imgqrcoded="1" style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; outline: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; height: auto !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; visibility: visible !important; width: 50px !important;"/></section></section></section></section><section powered-by="xiumi.us" style="padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; min-width: 10%; vertical-align: top; border-width: 2px; border-radius: 0px; border-style: dashed; border-color: rgb(29, 29, 29) rgb(29, 29, 29) rgb(182, 182, 182) rgb(182, 182, 182); box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section powered-by="xiumi.us" style="padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; transform: translate3d(5px, 0px, 0px); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="padding: 3px 15px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; min-width: 10%; vertical-align: top; border: 0px none rgb(255, 255, 255); border-radius: 0px; box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 202, 0); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section powered-by="xiumi.us" style="padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; transform: translate3d(1px, 0px, 0px); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; text-align: justify; font-size: 17px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; text-align: left; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">本周词汇概览</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section powered-by="xiumi.us" style="white-space: normal; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; letter-spacing: 0.544px; height: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; height: 16px; width: 24px; float: left; border-top: 6px solid rgb(255, 202, 0); border-right-color: rgb(255, 202, 0); border-bottom-color: rgb(255, 202, 0); border-left: 6px solid rgb(255, 202, 0); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="float:left;line-height:0;width:0;vertical-align:top"></svg></section></section><section style="padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; height: 16px; width: 24px; float: right; border-top: 6px solid rgb(255, 202, 0); border-right: 6px solid rgb(255, 202, 0); border-bottom-color: rgb(255, 202, 0); border-left-color: rgb(255, 202, 0); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"/></section></section><section style="padding: 12px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word; border-width: 1px; border-style: none solid; border-color: rgb(255, 111, 0) rgb(255, 202, 0); border-radius: 6px;"><section powered-by="xiumi.us" style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; text-align: center; line-height: 1.8; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p data-darkmode-color-16002497260202="rgb(163, 163, 163)" data-darkmode-original-color-16002497260202="rgb(0, 0, 0)" data-style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: medium; text-indent: 2em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-size: medium; text-align: left; text-indent: 2em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; cursor: pointer; font-size: 17px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong data-darkmode-color-16002497260202="rgb(163, 163, 163)" data-darkmode-original-color-16002497260202="rgb(0, 0, 0)" style="padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 12px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong data-darkmode-color-16002497260202="rgb(0, 128, 255)" data-darkmode-original-color-16002497260202="rgb(0, 128, 255)" style="padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong data-darkmode-color-16002497260202="rgb(0, 128, 255)" data-darkmode-original-color-16002497260202="rgb(0, 128, 255)" style="padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">●&nbsp;</strong></strong></strong>677：S&amp;OP</span></p><p data-darkmode-color-16002497260202="rgb(163, 163, 163)" data-darkmode-original-color-16002497260202="rgb(0, 0, 0)" data-style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: medium; text-indent: 2em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-size: medium; text-align: left; text-indent: 2em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; cursor: pointer; font-size: 17px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong data-darkmode-color-16002497260202="rgb(163, 163, 163)" data-darkmode-original-color-16002497260202="rgb(0, 0, 0)" style="padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 12px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">●&nbsp;</strong>678：集成商业计划</span></p><p data-darkmode-color-16002497260202="rgb(163, 163, 163)" data-darkmode-original-color-16002497260202="rgb(0, 0, 0)" data-style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: medium; text-indent: 2em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: medium; text-align: left; text-indent: 2em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; text-indent: 30px; font-size: 17px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong data-darkmode-color-16002497260202="rgb(163, 163, 163)" data-darkmode-original-color-16002497260202="rgb(0, 0, 0)" style="padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 12px; font-size: medium; text-indent: 32px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong data-darkmode-color-16002497260202="rgb(0, 128, 255)" data-darkmode-original-color-16002497260202="rgb(0, 128, 255)" style="padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong data-darkmode-color-16002497260202="rgb(0, 128, 255)" data-darkmode-original-color-16002497260202="rgb(0, 128, 255)" style="padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">●</strong></strong>&nbsp;</strong></span><span style="padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; cursor: pointer; font-size: 17px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">679：拉动式生产</span></p><p data-darkmode-color-16002497260202="rgb(163, 163, 163)" data-darkmode-original-color-16002497260202="rgb(0, 0, 0)" data-style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: medium; text-indent: 2em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; letter-spacing: 0.544px; font-size: medium; text-align: left; text-indent: 2em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; background-color: rgb(255, 192, 0); box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 2px; text-indent: 30px;"><strong data-darkmode-color-16002497260202="rgb(163, 163, 163)" data-darkmode-original-color-16002497260202="rgb(0, 0, 0)" style="padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: medium; text-indent: 32px; letter-spacing: 12px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong data-darkmode-color-16002497260202="rgb(0, 128, 255)" data-darkmode-original-color-16002497260202="rgb(0, 128, 255)" style="padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong data-darkmode-color-16002497260202="rgb(0, 128, 255)" data-darkmode-original-color-16002497260202="rgb(0, 128, 255)" style="padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">●</strong></strong>&nbsp;</strong></span><span style="padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px;">680：推动式生产</span></span></p></section></section></section><section style="padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; letter-spacing: 0.544px; height: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; height: 16px; width: 24px; float: left; border-bottom: 6px solid rgb(255, 202, 0); border-top-color: rgb(255, 202, 0); border-right-color: rgb(255, 202, 0); border-left: 6px solid rgb(255, 202, 0); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="float:left;line-height:0;width:0;vertical-align:top"></svg></section></section><section style="padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; height: 16px; width: 24px; float: right; border-bottom: 6px solid rgb(255, 202, 0); border-top-color: rgb(255, 202, 0); border-right: 6px solid rgb(255, 202, 0); border-left-color: rgb(255, 202, 0); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="float:left;line-height:0;width:0;vertical-align:top"></svg></section></section></section></section><section powered-by="xiumi.us" style="white-space: normal; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; letter-spacing: 0.544px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section powered-by="xiumi.us" style="font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: center; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="padding: 0px 5px 0px 20px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; min-width: 10%; vertical-align: top; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section powered-by="xiumi.us" style="padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; min-width: 10%; vertical-align: top; border-width: 2px; border-radius: 0px; border-style: dashed; border-color: rgb(29, 29, 29) rgb(29, 29, 29) rgb(182, 182, 182) rgb(182, 182, 182); box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section powered-by="xiumi.us" style="padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; transform: translate3d(5px, 0px, 0px); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="padding: 3px 15px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; min-width: 10%; vertical-align: top; border: 0px none rgb(255, 255, 255); border-radius: 0px; box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section powered-by="xiumi.us" style="padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; transform: translate3d(1px, 0px, 0px); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; text-align: justify; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; text-align: left; text-indent: 32px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-size: 17px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="padding: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 202, 0);">680『<span style="letter-spacing: 0.544px;">推动式生产</span></strong></span><strong style="letter-spacing: 0.544px; padding: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 202, 0); outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 18px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">』</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section powered-by="xiumi.us" style="font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; letter-spacing: 0.544px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; align-items: center; display: flex; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; vertical-align: bottom; width: auto; flex: 1 0 1px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section powered-by="xiumi.us" style="padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; align-items: center; display: flex; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; vertical-align: bottom; width: auto; flex: 1 1 auto; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section powered-by="xiumi.us" style="padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(255, 202, 0); height: 1px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="float:left;line-height:0;width:0;vertical-align:top"></svg></section></section></section></section><section style="padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; vertical-align: bottom; width: auto; flex: 0 0 auto; box-shadow: rgb(255, 202, 0) 0px 0px 0px; line-height: 0; letter-spacing: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section powered-by="xiumi.us" style="padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; text-align: center; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; width: 10px; height: 30px; vertical-align: top; overflow: hidden; border-width: 0px; box-shadow: rgb(255, 202, 0) 0px 0px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section powered-by="xiumi.us" style="margin: 10px 0px 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; width: 10px; height: 10px; vertical-align: top; overflow: hidden; background-color: rgb(255, 202, 0); border: 5px solid rgb(255, 202, 0); border-radius: 0px; box-shadow: rgb(255, 255, 255) 1px 1px 0px inset; line-height: 0; letter-spacing: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"/></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="padding: 0px 10px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; vertical-align: bottom; width: auto; flex: 0 1 auto; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section powered-by="xiumi.us" style="padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; text-align: center; font-size: 18px; color: rgb(255, 202, 0); letter-spacing: 3px; line-height: 1; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">文字专栏</strong></span></p></section></section><section style="padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; vertical-align: bottom; width: auto; flex: 1 0 1px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section powered-by="xiumi.us" style="padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="padding: 0px; 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text-align: left; text-indent: 2em;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"></span></p><p style="font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 35px;"><span style="font-family: &quot;思源黑体 CN Regular&quot;, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"></span></p><p style="font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 35px;"><span style="font-family: &quot;思源黑体 CN Regular&quot;, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"></span></p><p style="font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 35px;"><span style="font-family: &quot;思源黑体 CN Regular&quot;, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"></span></p><p style="font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 35px;"><span style="font-family: &quot;思源黑体 CN Regular&quot;, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"></span></p><p style="font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 35px;"><span style="font-family: &quot;思源黑体 CN Regular&quot;, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"></span></p><p style="font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 35px;"><span style="font-family: &quot;思源黑体 CN Regular&quot;, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"></span></p><p style="font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 35px;"><span style="font-family: &quot;思源黑体 CN Regular&quot;, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"></span></p><p style="font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 35px;"><span style="font-family: &quot;思源黑体 CN Regular&quot;, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"></span></p><p style="font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 35px;"><span style="font-family: &quot;思源黑体 CN Regular&quot;, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"></span></p><p style="font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 35px;"><span style="font-family: &quot;思源黑体 CN Regular&quot;, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"></span></p><p style="font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 35px;"><span style="font-family: &quot;思源黑体 CN Regular&quot;, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"></span></p><p style="font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 35px;"><span style="font-family: &quot;思源黑体 CN Regular&quot;, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"></span></p><p style="font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 2em;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"></span></p><p style="font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 35px;"><span style="font-size: 17px; font-family: &quot;思源黑体 CN Regular&quot;, sans-serif; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"></span></p><p style="font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 35px;"><span style="font-size: 17px; font-family: &quot;思源黑体 CN Regular&quot;, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">各位朋友大家好，欢迎来到Tonii老师精益讲堂，接下来Tonii老师将带领大家进入，“每天5分钟，精益伴你行”系列课程。</span><span style="font-family: &quot;思源黑体 CN Regular&quot;; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 1.8px; text-align: center;">&nbsp;</span></p><p style="text-indent: 35px; text-align: left;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: &quot;思源黑体 CN Regular&quot;; font-size: 17px;"></span></p><p style="text-indent: 35px; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: &quot;思源黑体 CN Regular&quot;; font-size: 17px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"></span></p><p style="text-indent: 35px; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: &quot;思源黑体 CN Regular&quot;; font-size: 17px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"></span></p><p style="text-indent: 35px; text-align: left;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: &quot;思源黑体 CN Regular&quot;; font-size: 17px;"></span></p><p style="text-indent: 35px; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: &quot;思源黑体 CN Regular&quot;; font-size: 17px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"></span></p><p style="text-indent: 35px; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: &quot;思源黑体 CN Regular&quot;; font-size: 17px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">推动式生产（Push Production）</span></p><p style="text-indent: 35px; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: &quot;思源黑体 CN Regular&quot;; font-size: 17px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">什么是推动式生产</span></p><p style="text-indent: 35px; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: &quot;思源黑体 CN Regular&quot;; font-size: 17px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">推动式生产是指按照MRP的计算逻辑，各个部门都是按照公司规定的生产计划进行生产。上工序无需为下工序负责，生产出产品后按照计划把产品送达后工序即可，这种方式称之为推动式生产。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 35px; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: &quot;思源黑体 CN Regular&quot;; font-size: 17px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">推动式生产，是按照生产中心计划提前制造。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 35px; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: &quot;思源黑体 CN Regular&quot;; font-size: 17px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">推动式生产的分析</span></p><p style="text-indent: 35px; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: &quot;思源黑体 CN Regular&quot;; font-size: 17px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">在推动式生产方式下，生产控制就是要保证按生产作业计划的要求按时、按质、按量完成任务，每一工序的员工注重的是自己所在工序的生产效率。在推动式系统中，各个工序之间相互独立，在制品存货量较大。传统上企业一般采用的都是推动式生产系统。计划部门根据市场需求，对于最终产品的生产进行分解，将相应的生产任务和提前期传达给各个生产部门。最后细化为每个零部件的投入产出计划和相应的定购计划。而对于各个部门而言，需要按照计划组织生产，生产结束后将实际完成情况汇报给计划部门，同时将完成品送往工序上的下一个生产部门。因此，总体的生产是一种从工序上最初的生产部门向工序最终生产部门的一个“推动”的过程。然而，推动式生产方式不符合JIT 的要求，以JIT 的视角来看待，推动式生产方式会产生很多重大“浪费”。如图1 所示：</span></p><p style="text-indent: 35px; text-align: left;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">　</span><img src="https://cdn-2c-02.industics.com/public/upload/image/20230711/1689042709508576.png" title="1689042709508576.png" alt="image.png" width="640" height="417" style="width: 640px; height: 417px;"/></p><p style="text-indent: 35px; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: &quot;思源黑体 CN Regular&quot;; font-size: 17px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">　　 图1 ：推动方式的弱点</span></p><p style="text-indent: 35px; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: &quot;思源黑体 CN Regular&quot;; font-size: 17px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">首先，推动式生产方式不能满足“适时”生产的要求。如果采用推动式生产方式，同时要保证能够对于所有产品准时交货，那么就必须将所有产品以及产品分解的零部件生产的交货期进行完全的精确计算。这就需要引入大量的数据，比如设备更换模具的时间、每个零部件的精确生产时间。这种计算本身就需要投入大量的人力和物力。而且，如果出现异常状况，则要对整个计划进行重新修正调整，比如安排紧急订货或者加班等，以此保证能够按时完成任务。但是这些调整措施，也都是代价高昂的。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 35px; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: &quot;思源黑体 CN Regular&quot;; font-size: 17px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">其次，由于推动式生产方式的复杂性以及各种不确定因素如次品、设备损坏等的影响，制造商为了保证按时交货，必须保有相当水平的安全库存。而从JIT 的观点来看，保持高水平的库存占用了大量的资金，同时产生很多不要的诸如搬运、放置、保养等的浪费。下图是JIT理念中经常出现的一张图，表示如果库存水平高将会掩饰很多管理中出现的问题，使得问题多得不到即时的解决，这种高库存水平下的企业就像是一只航行的船，表面看起来一帆风顺，实际上有无数的暗礁，随时可能触礁沉没。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 35px; text-align: left;"><img src="https://cdn-2c-02.industics.com/public/upload/image/20230711/1689042726407173.png" title="1689042726407173.png" alt="image.png" width="621" height="316" style="width: 621px; height: 316px;"/><span style="font-family: &quot;思源黑体 CN Regular&quot;; font-size: 17px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">&nbsp;</span></p><p style="text-indent: 35px; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: &quot;思源黑体 CN Regular&quot;; font-size: 17px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">正是由于“推动”方式的缺陷，JIT 方式提出了“拉动”式的生产方式。所谓“拉动”方式，就是指一切从市场需求出发，根据市场需求来组装产品，借此拉动前面工序的零部件加工。每个生产部门、工序都根据后向部门以及工序的需求来完成生产制造，同时向前向部门和工序发出生产指令。在“拉动”方式中计划部门只制定最终产品计划，其他部门和工序的生产是按照后向部门和工序的生产指令来进行的。根据“拉动”方式组织生产，可以保证生产在“适当的时间”进行，并且由于只根据后向指令进行，因此生产的量也是“适当”的量，从而保证企业不会为了满足交货的需求而保持高水平库存产生浪费。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 35px; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: &quot;思源黑体 CN Regular&quot;; font-size: 17px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">许多专家将“拉动”式生产方式看作是JIT 的一种哲理，认为这是JIT 对于企业生产观念的巨大转变，即一切生产面向订单，不顾需求地扩张生产能力毫无意义。当然，我们可以看出，“拉动”方式只是JIT 为了保证“适时适量生产”的模式设计。为了保证这种模式的运作，从而保证“适时适量”，JIT 主要通过两种手段：生产同步化和生产均衡化。这其中生产同步化是保证生产各个工序和部门间的速率协调，以保证减小在制品库存。而生产均衡化主要是指生产制造与需要相适应，以避免出现生产过早或者过多而产生浪费。而在具体的实现形式上，JIT 使用了最具有代表性的看管管理工具。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 35px; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: &quot;思源黑体 CN Regular&quot;; font-size: 17px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">推动式生产与拉动式生产的对比举例</span></p><p style="text-indent: 35px; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: &quot;思源黑体 CN Regular&quot;; font-size: 17px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">比如在汽车的组装车间，各工序进行组装生产所必需的部件，必须满足按照必要的数量在必要的时间必须送到指定工序的要求，部件过早或者过晚送到都不行。这一点在丰田生产方式中以拉动式生产的方式得以实现，即后道工序从前道工序拿取需要的部件。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 35px; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: &quot;思源黑体 CN Regular&quot;; font-size: 17px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">拉动式生产是一个非常聪明的方法。为了节约空间，拿取过来的部件的放置地点被限定了。拉动式生产中所实行的后道工序从前道工序拿取部件的时机非常恰当，这一点远远优于推动式生产。而且，等待时间一般发生在工人操作完毕回到自己部门（工序）之后，可以利用这些时间进行别的工作。但是，推动式生产的状态下，等待时间只能白白浪费掉。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 35px; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: &quot;思源黑体 CN Regular&quot;; font-size: 17px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">利用拉动式生产的优点进行管理实现准时生产的工具，就是看板。看板的最大功用，就是进行生产和搬运指示。实行看板管理的重要一点，就是使信息流动和物料流动保持一致。而且，需要补充零部件的信息也毫无成本低随着物料的流动而流动了。在计算机所花费用戏剧性地下降的今天，虽然逐渐转向电子看板系统，但是看板的基本功能并没有发生变化。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 35px; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: &quot;思源黑体 CN Regular&quot;; font-size: 17px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">组装车间一台一台地进行组装，而铸造和冲压车间只能继续实行批量生产，因此要达到同期化，必须通过缩短工装切换时间来极力缩小批量的大小。一般来说，工装切换都是实行单一切换也就是以切换时间不超过10分钟为目标。工装切换时间的缩短不是以降低直接成本为目标，而是为了保证按照销售进度进行生产，尽量降低在工装切换方面增大的成本。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 35px; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: &quot;思源黑体 CN Regular&quot;; font-size: 17px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">在丰田，每月都要制定月度生产计划，作为每月预计生产数量下达给各工厂和配套厂商，但是每天给各工序实际下发的生产指示，只发给最后总装线这一个地方，其他的工序通过拉动式生产的方式，由后道工序按照在必要时机以必要的数量拿取必要部件的原则，通过看板从前道工序拿取。因而也就不存在按照当初计划进行生产的情况。每天生产计划的微量调整都通过看板来实现。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 35px; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: 17px; font-family: &quot;思源黑体 CN Regular&quot;; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"></span></p><p style="text-indent: 35px; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: &quot;思源黑体 CN Regular&quot;; font-size: 17px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"></span></p><p style="text-indent: 35px; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: 等线; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"></span></p><p style="text-indent: 35px; text-align: left;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: &quot;思源黑体 CN Regular&quot;; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 1.8px;"></span></p><p style="font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; text-indent: 35px; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: &quot;思源黑体 CN Regular&quot;; font-size: 17px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"></span></p><p style="font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; 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