<section powered-by="xiumi.us" style="white-space: normal; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-align: center; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px 0px 20px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; min-width: 10%; vertical-align: top; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section powered-by="xiumi.us" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; min-width: 10%; vertical-align: top; border-width: 2px; border-radius: 0px; border-style: dashed; 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overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; clear: both; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 18px;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">037<strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; letter-spacing: 0.544px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">『</strong></strong><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; letter-spacing: 0.544px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin: 0px; padding: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: left; text-indent: 32px;">单件流</span></strong></strong><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">』</strong></span></p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section powered-by="xiumi.us" style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 15px 0px -15px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; align-items: center; display: flex; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; vertical-align: bottom; width: auto; flex: 1 0 1px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section powered-by="xiumi.us" style="margin: 0px; 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max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; width: 10px; height: 30px; vertical-align: top; overflow: hidden; border-width: 0px; box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section powered-by="xiumi.us" style="margin: 10px 0px 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; width: 10px; height: 10px; vertical-align: top; overflow: hidden; background-color: rgb(255, 202, 0); border-width: 5px; border-radius: 0px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(255, 202, 0); box-shadow: rgb(255, 255, 255) 1px 1px 0px inset; line-height: 0; letter-spacing: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"/></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section powered-by="xiumi.us" style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; width: 677px; vertical-align: top; border-color: rgb(255, 211, 171) rgb(255, 202, 0) rgb(255, 202, 0); border-width: 1px; border-radius: 0px; border-style: none solid solid; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section powered-by="xiumi.us" style="margin: 20px 0px 13px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 10px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(240, 176, 121); line-height: 1.8; letter-spacing: 1.8px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 16px; padding: 0px; clear: both; text-indent: 21px; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><span style="letter-spacing: 2px; font-size: 17px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: &quot;思源黑体 CN Regular&quot;;">各位朋友大家好，欢迎来到Tonii老师精益讲堂，接下来Tonii老师将带领大家进入，每天5分钟，精益伴你行系列课程。</span><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 2px; text-indent: 42px;">&nbsp;</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 16px; padding: 0px; clear: both; text-indent: 21px; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 43px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; letter-spacing: 2px; font-size: 17px;">今天我们要学习的是</span><strong style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 43px; letter-spacing: 1.8px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="letter-spacing: 2px; font-size: 17px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: &quot;思源黑体 CN Bold&quot;;">单件流</span></strong><strong style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 43px; letter-spacing: 1.8px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; letter-spacing: 2px; font-size: 17px;">。</span></strong></p><p style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 42px; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><strong><span style="font-size: 17px; font-family: &quot;思源黑体 CN Regular&quot;, sans-serif; color: black; letter-spacing: 2px;"></span></strong></p><p style="margin-bottom:16px;text-indent:35px"><span style="font-size:17px;font-family:&#39;思源黑体 CN Regular&#39;,sans-serif;color:black">单件流（One Piece Flow），是指产品以一个单件或者一个批次来流动，按产品族划分集中生产，将人、机、料、法相结合，使得各个工位间有序地紧密连接从而形成一个连续流的生产方式。</span><span style="color: black; font-family: &quot;思源黑体 CN Regular&quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 1.8px;">&nbsp;</span></p><p style="margin-bottom:16px;text-indent:35px"><span style="font-size:17px;font-family:&#39;思源黑体 CN Regular&#39;,sans-serif;color:black">对于这个概念，Tonii老师要强调一下，有一种对单件流的误解，总以为只有一件一件流动的生产才是单件流。其实这个单件是一个广义的单件，它既可以是一个单件，比如做大的产品的时候，它可以是一件一件的流，也可以是一个一个小批次的流动，比如说做探针探头这种，如果要用一件一件的流简直是不可能的，这种时候我们定义一个比较小的批次来流动，也叫做单件流。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom:16px;text-indent:35px"><span style="font-size:17px;font-family:&#39;思源黑体 CN Regular&#39;,sans-serif;color:black">下图是两个非常直观的图画，对比了一下单件流生产和传统的孤岛式生产之间的区别。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom:16px;text-indent:35px"><span style="font-size:17px;font-family:&#39;思源黑体 CN Regular&#39;,sans-serif;color:black"><br/></span></p><p style="margin-bottom:16px;text-indent:28px"><img src="//cdn-2c-02.industics.com/public/upload/image/20210413/1618308690651516.jpeg" alt="图片" width="323" height="188" style="width: 323px; height: 188px;"/></p><p style="margin-bottom:16px;text-indent:35px"><em><span style="font-size:17px;font-family:&#39;思源黑体 CN Regular&#39;,sans-serif;color:black">（孤岛式生产）</span></em></p><p style="margin-bottom:16px;text-indent:35px"><em><span style="font-size:17px;font-family:&#39;思源黑体 CN Regular&#39;,sans-serif;color:black"><br/></span></em></p><p style="margin-bottom:16px;text-indent:35px"><span style="font-size:17px;font-family:&#39;思源黑体 CN Regular&#39;,sans-serif;color:black">&nbsp;<img src="//cdn-2c-02.industics.com/public/upload/image/20210413/1618308719599547.jpeg" alt="图片" width="295" height="188" style="width: 295px; height: 188px;" border="0" vspace="0" title="图片"/></span></p><p style="margin-bottom:16px;text-indent:35px"><em><span style="font-size:17px;font-family:&#39;思源黑体 CN Regular&#39;,sans-serif;color:black">（单件流生产）</span></em></p><p style="margin-bottom:16px;text-indent:35px"><span style="font-size:17px;font-family:&#39;思源黑体 CN Regular&#39;,sans-serif;color:black">&nbsp;</span><span style="color: black; font-family: &quot;思源黑体 CN Regular&quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 1.8px;">先看传统的孤岛式的生产方式，如果在座的各位有父辈在工厂里面工作过，那么他们的车间的生产组织方式，九成是孤岛式的，也就是水平式的布置。即一个工厂分为很多个车间，每一个车间都具有相同或者相近的功能，比如说粗加工车间、组装车间、测试和包装车间等等。这种生产模式，把整个产品的工艺流完全给打乱，完全是就着车间功能去围绕生产，所以说在这种生产模式当中会产生大量的在制品，会有大量的搬运，大量的质量问题出现。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom:16px;text-indent:35px"><span style="font-size:17px;font-family:&#39;思源黑体 CN Regular&#39;,sans-serif;color:black">那么与传统孤岛式生产相对应的就是我们提倡的单件流生产，单件流生产，又可以称之为垂直式生产布置。它不是把生产按照功能分组，而是按照产品族分组，每一个产品族都有可能经历粗加工、组装或者是测试车间，那么就可以把它集合在一起，让这些工序连续起来。也就是说可以把产品A、产品B、产品C都看做是一个小的生产工厂，其实在精益当中有一个名词叫focus factory(网络工厂)，就是这个概念。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 16px; text-align: left; text-indent: 35px;"><strong><span style="font-size:17px;font-family:&#39;思源黑体 CN Regular&#39;,sans-serif;color:black">单件流有哪些好处，实施单件流有哪些前提？</span></strong></p><p style="margin-bottom:16px"><span style="font-size:17px;font-family:&#39;思源黑体 CN Regular&#39;,sans-serif;color:black">&nbsp;<img src="//cdn-2c-02.industics.com/public/upload/image/20210413/1618308752315288.jpeg" alt="图片" width="313" height="176" style="width: 313px; height: 176px;" border="0" vspace="0" title="图片"/></span></p><p style="margin-bottom:16px;text-indent:35px"><strong><span style="font-size:17px;font-family:&#39;思源黑体 CN Regular&#39;,sans-serif;color:black">首先</span></strong><span style="font-size:17px;font-family:&#39;思源黑体 CN Regular&#39;,sans-serif;color:black">单件流可以保证质量，因为一旦出现质量问题很快就会被发现，它的影响度非常小，有可能就是影响几件产品，或者是一件产品。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom:16px;text-indent:35px"><strong><span style="font-size:17px;font-family:&#39;思源黑体 CN Regular&#39;,sans-serif;color:black">第二</span></strong><span style="font-size:17px;font-family:&#39;思源黑体 CN Regular&#39;,sans-serif;color:black">是提高生产效率，单件流可以减少很多的搬运，很多的库存，降低库存，提高效率。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom:16px;text-indent:35px"><strong><span style="font-size:17px;font-family:&#39;思源黑体 CN Regular&#39;,sans-serif;color:black">第三</span></strong><span style="font-size:17px;font-family:&#39;思源黑体 CN Regular&#39;,sans-serif;color:black">单件流还可以释放生产车间。大家都知道在一个制造型的工厂，生产线的空间价值最高，如果用了单件流，就避免了大量的在制品堆在生产车间，可以把生产车间中很多的宝贵空间都给释放出来。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom:16px;text-indent:35px"><strong><span style="font-size:17px;font-family:&#39;思源黑体 CN Regular&#39;,sans-serif;color:black">第四</span></strong><span style="font-size:17px;font-family:&#39;思源黑体 CN Regular&#39;,sans-serif;color:black">单件流生产，换线或者是换型比批量生产更加容易，所以说它增加了产线的柔性。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom:16px;text-indent:35px"><strong><span style="font-size:17px;font-family:&#39;思源黑体 CN Regular&#39;,sans-serif;color:black">最后</span></strong><span style="font-size:17px;font-family:&#39;思源黑体 CN Regular&#39;,sans-serif;color:black">一个，单件流的最大的好处就是能够及时的暴露问题，因为生产是单件流，在生产过程当中出现了任何问题，包括质量问题、设备问题、管理问题，物料问题…一旦出现问题，立刻就能暴露,问题暴露出来了，我们就能解决。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom:16px;text-indent:35px"><span style="font-size:17px;font-family:&#39;思源黑体 CN Regular&#39;,sans-serif;color:black">这几点就是我们实施单件流的好处。那么实施单件流有那么多好处，为什么不把所有的生产都改成单件流？</span></p><p style="margin-bottom:16px;text-indent:35px"><span style="font-size:17px;font-family:&#39;思源黑体 CN Regular&#39;,sans-serif;color:black">这里就需要看一看实施单件流的一些前提，不是所有的生产立刻转化成为单件流都能成功的，如果接下来4点你没有做好，那么很有可能转化成单件流之后，就经常会出现断线的情形。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom:16px;text-indent:35px"><strong><span style="font-size:17px;font-family:&#39;思源黑体 CN Regular&#39;,sans-serif;color:black">首先</span></strong><span style="font-size:17px;font-family:&#39;思源黑体 CN Regular&#39;,sans-serif;color:black">，生产要平准。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom:16px;text-indent:35px"><strong><span style="font-size:17px;font-family:&#39;思源黑体 CN Regular&#39;,sans-serif;color:black">第二</span></strong><span style="font-size:17px;font-family:&#39;思源黑体 CN Regular&#39;,sans-serif;color:black">就是生产的换型要快。我们讲究生产要有柔性，生产柔性其中一个重要的支柱就是机器如果要换型，速度一定要快。Tonii老师在以前的课程当中讲过快速换模，把换模的时间压缩在一个cycle time之内，这种换型就是我们能接受的。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom:16px;text-indent:35px"><strong><span style="font-size:17px;font-family:&#39;思源黑体 CN Regular&#39;,sans-serif;color:black">第三</span></strong><span style="font-size:17px;font-family:&#39;思源黑体 CN Regular&#39;,sans-serif;color:black">工序还要平衡，单件流如果工序存在严重的不平衡，就会出现等待等浪费现象，产线就无法发挥该有的作用。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom:16px;text-indent:35px"><strong><span style="font-size:17px;font-family:&#39;思源黑体 CN Regular&#39;,sans-serif;color:black">最后</span></strong><span style="font-size:17px;font-family:&#39;思源黑体 CN Regular&#39;,sans-serif;color:black">在单件流或者是连续流生产当中，员工基本上都是要一专多能，要能够做很多工序。不像是在孤岛式生产方式中，员工可能一辈子只会做冲压就可以了，但是在连续流当中，今天可能是做冲压，明天可能是做组装，后天很有可能去做包装，所以说需要员工多能。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom:16px;text-indent:35px"><span style="font-size:17px;font-family:&#39;思源黑体 CN Regular&#39;,sans-serif;color:black">如果这4个必要条件都做的差不多了，我们就可以尝试把生产由以前的孤岛式生产转移到单件流生产，一旦转到了单件流生产，那么整个效益就会立刻体现出来。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom:16px;text-indent:35px"><span style="font-size:17px;font-family:&#39;思源黑体 CN Regular&#39;,sans-serif;color:black"><br/></span></p><p style="margin-bottom:16px;text-indent:35px"><span style="font-size:17px;font-family:&#39;思源黑体 CN Regular&#39;,sans-serif;color:black">&nbsp;<span style="font-family: &quot;思源黑体 CN Regular&quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 1.8px; text-indent: 35px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">今天的课程就到这里，感谢大家！</span></span></p><p style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 42px; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><span style="font-size: 17px; font-family: &quot;思源黑体 CN Regular&quot;, sans-serif; color: black; letter-spacing: 2px;"></span></p><p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; padding: 0px; clear: both; text-align: justify; text-indent: 32.25pt; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 1.8px;"/></p></section></section></section></section><p><br/></p><section powered-by="xiumi.us" style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-align: center; line-height: 2; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; clear: both; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; text-align: center;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">想听Tonii老师的课程？</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; clear: both; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; text-align: center;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">想和慧工云小学妹有更多互动？</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; 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