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letter-spacing: 0.544px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; width: 677px; vertical-align: top; border-color: rgb(255, 211, 171) rgb(255, 202, 0) rgb(255, 202, 0); border-width: 1px; border-radius: 0px; border-style: none solid solid; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section powered-by="xiumi.us" style="margin: 20px 0px 13px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 10px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(240, 176, 121); line-height: 1.8; letter-spacing: 1.8px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 1.8px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: black; letter-spacing: 2px; text-indent: 43px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">各位朋友大家好，欢迎来到Tonii老师精益讲堂，接下来Tonii老师将带领大家进入，每天5分钟，精益伴你行系列课程。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 43px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; color: black; letter-spacing: 2px; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">今天我们学习如何<strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">制定生产计划</strong>。</span><span style="color: black; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 2px;">&nbsp;</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 43px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; color: black; letter-spacing: 2px; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">前面我们已经简短地叙述了生产计划的目的、计划的时间跨度及计划的详细程度。这节课将讨论制定生产计划涉及的一些细节。</span><span style="color: black; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 2px;">&nbsp;</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 43px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; color: black; letter-spacing: 2px; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">基于市场计划和可用资源,生产计划为将来某个时段设定制造活动的限度或水平。生产计划使工厂的能力和产能与市场和财务计划相结合,以实现公司总体经营目标。生产计划设定在计划时间内生产和库存的总体水平。其首要目的是建立能够完成战略商业计划的目标的生产节奏。计划必须足够长远，以便安排完成计划所需要的人力、设备设施和物料。</span><span style="color: black; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 2px;">&nbsp;</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 43px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; color: black; letter-spacing: 2px; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">典型的生产计划跨越6~18个月,计划时段用月或周来度量。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 43px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; color: black; letter-spacing: 2px; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">制定这一层次的计划过程时不考虑诸如单个产品、颜色、风格或可选项等细节。由于时间跨度涉及长期需求的不确定性,细节在这时候往往不准确或无用，而且可能会使计划的制定费用高昂。</span><span style="color: black; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 2px;">&nbsp;</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 43px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; color: black; letter-spacing: 2px; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">基本战略</span></strong></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 43px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; color: black; letter-spacing: 2px; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">生产计划问题有以下典型特征:</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 28px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 43px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: black; letter-spacing: 2px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">▪<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 9px; line-height: normal; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; color: black; letter-spacing: 2px; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">计划的时间跨度为12个月,每月或每季度定期更新。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 28px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 43px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: black; letter-spacing: 2px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">▪<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 9px; line-height: normal; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; color: black; letter-spacing: 2px; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">生产需求包括-一个或几个产品族或通用单元。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 28px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 43px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: black; letter-spacing: 2px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">▪<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 9px; line-height: normal; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; color: black; letter-spacing: 2px; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">需求是波动的或季节性的。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 28px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 43px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: black; letter-spacing: 2px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">▪<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 9px; line-height: normal; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; color: black; letter-spacing: 2px; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">在计划时间内工厂和设备固定不变。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 28px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-align: justify; text-indent: 43px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: black; letter-spacing: 2px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">▪<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 9px; line-height: normal; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; color: black; letter-spacing: 2px; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">设置多个管理目标，如低库存、高效的工厂作业、优质的客户服务和良好的员工关系。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 43px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; color: black; letter-spacing: 2px; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">假设有一个产品组的需求预测如下所示。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 43px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; color: black; letter-spacing: 2px; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">&nbsp;</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><img class="rich_pages" data-ratio="0.5936018957345972" data-s="300,640" data-src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/x7XibiaRviayZiavvoVwd89obiaFMPoaJ0ibZicM0Hkg18rB8XLxyKbAo9f3KZQumGibdgyztsasHYyGe7ib9v6w47WCFIg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="844" _width="677px" src="https://cdn-2c-02.industics.com/public/upload/image/20210310/1615345189643613" crossorigin="anonymous" alt="图片" data-fail="0" width="655" height="389" border="0" vspace="0" title="图片" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; height: auto !important; width: 677px !important; visibility: visible !important;"/><span style="color: black; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 2px; text-indent: 43px;">&nbsp;</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 43px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; color: black; letter-spacing: 2px; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">有四种基本战略可以用来制定生产计划:</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 28px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 43px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; color: black; letter-spacing: 2px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">1.<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 9px; line-height: normal; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; color: black; letter-spacing: 2px; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">追赶战略</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 28px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 43px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; color: black; letter-spacing: 2px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">2.<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 9px; line-height: normal; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; color: black; letter-spacing: 2px; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">均衡生产</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 28px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 43px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; color: black; letter-spacing: 2px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">3.<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 9px; line-height: normal; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; color: black; letter-spacing: 2px; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">转包合同</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 28px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 43px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; color: black; letter-spacing: 2px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">4.<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 9px; line-height: normal; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; color: black; letter-spacing: 2px; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">混合战略</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 43px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; color: black; letter-spacing: 2px; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">追赶(需求匹配)战略</span></strong><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; color: black; letter-spacing: 2px; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">是指在任一给定时间内只生产所需要的数量。在生产为满足需求而变化时,库存水平保持稳定。公司在任何时间都只生产恰好满足需求的产品数量。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 43px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; color: black; letter-spacing: 2px; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">追赶战略的优点是,库存量能够维持在一个最低水平。有需求发生时产品才开始生产，并且没有产品的积压，从而避免了库存持有的相关成本。这种成本有时候可能会很高。</span><span style="color: black; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 2px;">&nbsp;</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 43px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; color: black; letter-spacing: 2px; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">均衡生产</span></strong><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; color: black; letter-spacing: 2px; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">( productionleveling) 是按照平均需求量进行持续生产。有些公司计算其在计划时间内的总需求，然后按其平均值安排生产以满足需求。当需求低于所生产的数量时,库存量就会增加;而当需求高于所生产的数量时，库存量就会减少。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 43px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; color: black; letter-spacing: 2px; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">均衡生产战略的优点是能维持平稳的运营水平，避免了改变生产水平的成本。公司不再需要储备额外产能以满足高峰期的需求。公司能够建立起一支稳定的员工队伍。均衡生产战略的缺点是，库存量在需求低的时期会增加，而库存的持有会产生费用。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 43px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; color: black; letter-spacing: 2px; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">均衡生产意味企业将以均衡速率使用其资源，并且每天生产同样数量的产品。每月生产的产量(有时候是每周)将会有所不同,因为每月的工作天数不尽相同。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 43px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; color: black; letter-spacing: 2px; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">转包合同</span></strong><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; color: black; letter-spacing: 2px; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">(subcontracting)意味着始终按最低需求水平进行生产,通过转包合同满足市场额外需求。转包也可能意味着购买额外需求的数量,或将额外需求拒之门外。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 43px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; color: black; letter-spacing: 2px; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">在大量需求时提高价格，或者延长提前期会导致后一种结果。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 43px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; color: black; letter-spacing: 2px; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">该战略的主要优点是成本低。它能避免与多余产能相关的成本，并且由于生产得到均衡，所以没有与改变生产水平相关的成本。转包合同战略</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: black; letter-spacing: 2px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">的主要缺点是采购成本有可能会高于在厂内生产部件。公司可能选择自己制造以便将机密过程保留在公司内部、维持质量水平，以及维持员工队伍。公司或许从有专门技术设计和制造某一部件的供应商处购买产品，从而使公司专注于自身的专业领域，或提供众所周知的、有竞争力的价格。</span><span style="color: black; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 2px;">&nbsp;</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 43px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; color: black; letter-spacing: 2px; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">混合战略</span></strong><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; color: black; letter-spacing: 2px; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">，到目前为止所讨论的3种战略都属于纯战略。每个战略都有自己的一系列成本:设备、雇用/解雇、加班、库存和转包成本。在现实生活中，一个公司可能会使用许多可能的混合或组合战略。每个战略将有其自己的一系列成本特性。生产管理者有责任找出合适的战略组合，它使所涉及的成本总和最小，能提供所要求的服务水平，并满足财务和市场计划的目标。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 43px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; color: black; letter-spacing: 2px; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">在混合战略下,需求在一定程度上得到匹配，生产也表现出部分的平滑,在高峰期，采用一部分转包合同。这只是多个可能制定的计划的其中之一。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 43px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; color: black; letter-spacing: 2px; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">&nbsp;</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 43px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; color: black; letter-spacing: 2px; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">最后今天的结尾Tonii老师抛出一个小问题，希望大家可以根据今天的学习内容进行思考，并欢迎留言与Tonii老师进行深入交流。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 43px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; color: black; letter-spacing: 2px; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"/></span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 43px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; color: black; letter-spacing: 2px; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">每日一问：如何判断自己的公司应该在什么时候使用什么战略？</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 43px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; color: black; letter-spacing: 2px; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">&nbsp;</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 43px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; color: black; letter-spacing: 2px; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">今天我们就讲到这里，希望大家在企业运营中精益求精，我们下次再见！</span></p></section></section></section></section><section powered-by="xiumi.us" style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-align: center; line-height: 2; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; text-align: center;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">想听Tonii老师的课程？</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; text-align: center;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">想和慧工云小学妹有更多互动？</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; text-align: center;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">就添加慧工云小学妹微信吧！</span></p></section><section powered-by="xiumi.us" style="white-space: normal; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; 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