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padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">214<strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; letter-spacing: 0.544px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">『采购与生产</strong>』</strong></span></p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><p></p><section powered-by="xiumi.us" style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; letter-spacing: 0.544px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 15px 0px -15px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; align-items: center; display: flex; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; vertical-align: bottom; width: auto; flex: 1 0 1px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section powered-by="xiumi.us" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; 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margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; letter-spacing: 0.544px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; width: 677px; vertical-align: top; border-color: rgb(255, 211, 171) rgb(255, 202, 0) rgb(255, 202, 0); border-width: 1px; border-radius: 0px; border-style: none solid solid; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section powered-by="xiumi.us" style="margin: 20px 0px 13px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 10px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(240, 176, 121); line-height: 1.8; letter-spacing: 1.8px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; padding: 0px; clear: both; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 32.25pt; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"/></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; clear: both; text-indent: 43px; background: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); letter-spacing: 2px; font-size: 17px;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: &quot;思源黑体 CN Regular&quot;;">各位朋友大家好，欢迎来到</span>Tonii老师精益讲堂，接下来Tonii老师将带领大家进入，每天5分钟，精益伴你行系列课程。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; clear: both; text-indent: 76px; background: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; letter-spacing: 2px; font-size: 17px;">&nbsp;</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; clear: both; text-indent: 43px; background: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); letter-spacing: 2px; font-size: 17px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: &quot;思源黑体 CN Regular&quot;;">今天我们要学习的是</span><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); letter-spacing: 2px; font-size: 17px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: &quot;思源黑体 CN Bold&quot;;">采购与生产</span></strong><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); letter-spacing: 2px; font-size: 17px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: &quot;思源黑体 CN Regular&quot;;">。</span></strong></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; clear: both; text-indent: 43px; background: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); letter-spacing: 2px; font-size: 17px;">&nbsp;</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; clear: both; text-indent: 43px; background: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); letter-spacing: 2px; font-size: 17px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: &quot;思源黑体 CN Regular&quot;;">首先我们还是回顾一下我们提出的采购的定义，也就是根据申请部门的要求，从供应商处购买价廉物美，并且交货及时的物品和服务。因此我们今天就回到制造型企业最重要的一个采购的合作部门，生产管理部门，生产管理部门和采购部门有着千丝万缕的联系。在他们的核心交集下，其实有着四方面的更具体的合作，分别是</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; clear: both; text-indent: 43px; background: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); letter-spacing: 2px; font-size: 17px;">1.<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: &quot;思源黑体 CN Regular&quot;;">生产计划时期</span></span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; clear: both; text-indent: 43px; background: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); letter-spacing: 2px; font-size: 17px;">2.<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: &quot;思源黑体 CN Regular&quot;;">采购订单时期</span></span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; clear: both; text-indent: 43px; background: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); letter-spacing: 2px; font-size: 17px;">3.<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: &quot;思源黑体 CN Regular&quot;;">生产进度的进行时</span></span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; clear: both; text-indent: 43px; background: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); letter-spacing: 2px; font-size: 17px;">4.<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: &quot;思源黑体 CN Regular&quot;;">优化生产管理方式或库存管理方式</span></span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; clear: both; text-indent: 43px; background: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); letter-spacing: 2px; font-size: 17px;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: &quot;思源黑体 CN Regular&quot;;">提出这</span>4条的时候，大家可能会比较诧异，因为似乎生产和采购的关系在大家的理解中就是生产部门需要生产，然后把原材料的需求甩给采购部门去找供应商买。正是因为大多数人有这样的想法，我们才需要额外的去梳理一下这样的过程，让大家清晰的认识到，其实事情并没有这么简单。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; clear: both; text-indent: 43px; background: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); letter-spacing: 2px; font-size: 17px;">&nbsp;</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; clear: both; text-align: center;"><img class="rich_pages js_insertlocalimg" data-ratio="0.5232452142206017" data-s="300,640" src="https://x.industics.com/public/upload/image/20210305/1614923793756570.png" data-type="png" data-w="1097" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; height: auto !important;"/></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; clear: both; text-indent: 43px; background: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"/></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; clear: both; text-indent: 43px; background: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); letter-spacing: 2px; font-size: 17px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: &quot;思源黑体 CN Regular&quot;;">生产计划时期</span></strong></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; clear: both; text-indent: 43px; background: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); letter-spacing: 2px; font-size: 17px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: &quot;思源黑体 CN Regular&quot;;">首先，在生产计划的编制时期，生产管理部门会编制短期、中期、长期的生产计划，很多人往往认为只有短期的计划对采购部门才是生效的，但洽洽相反。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; clear: both; text-indent: 43px; background: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); letter-spacing: 2px; font-size: 17px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: &quot;思源黑体 CN Regular&quot;;">事实上开发一个供应商的时间并不短，特别是在研发阶段和市场阶段，采购部门就已经要开始考虑如何给各个供应商分配订单，确保他们的供应能力，并且协商供应商的价格，否则等到火烧眉头，生产马上要缺货的时候，采购部门事实上是无能为力的。因此特别是在编制中长期生产计划的时候，生产部门就必须和采购部门进行紧密的合作。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; clear: both; text-indent: 43px; background: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); letter-spacing: 2px; font-size: 17px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: &quot;思源黑体 CN Regular&quot;;">采购订单时期</span></strong></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; clear: both; text-indent: 43px; background: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); letter-spacing: 2px; font-size: 17px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: &quot;思源黑体 CN Regular&quot;;">这是最常规的管理时期，采购部门最关心的提出购买要求或者采购需求、采购申请的时间。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; clear: both; text-indent: 43px; background: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); letter-spacing: 2px; font-size: 17px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: &quot;思源黑体 CN Regular&quot;;">生产部门会根据当前的库存，当前的订单与预测，以及一系列的综合情况，根据自己未来的生产计划，算出需要的物料数量，需要的交货时间，并且向采购部门提出正式的采购申请。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; clear: both; text-indent: 43px; background: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); letter-spacing: 2px; font-size: 17px;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: &quot;思源黑体 CN Regular&quot;;">采购员或者采购部门以这些采购申请为基础，根据他们和供应商形成的采购的要求和协议，比如说经济下单批量，最小下单批次等等，制定订货的订单，也就是我们常说的采购订单（</span>PO<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: &quot;思源黑体 CN Regular&quot;;">）并提交给供应商。</span></span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; clear: both; text-indent: 43px; background: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); letter-spacing: 2px; font-size: 17px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: &quot;思源黑体 CN Regular&quot;;">这部分是大家对日常理解的采购的日常工作，我们就不再赘述了。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; clear: both; text-indent: 43px; background: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); letter-spacing: 2px; font-size: 17px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: &quot;思源黑体 CN Regular&quot;;"><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"/></span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; clear: both; text-indent: 43px; background: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); letter-spacing: 2px; font-size: 17px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: &quot;思源黑体 CN Regular&quot;;">生产进度进行时</span></strong></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; clear: both; text-indent: 43px; background: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); letter-spacing: 2px; font-size: 17px;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: &quot;思源黑体 CN Regular&quot;;">这个时间段往往大家所忽略的，在生产计划的进度管理上，采购的同学往往对计划部门有一些误解，觉得计划部门就是每天坐在电脑前用</span>Excel去编制一些未来会转变成库存或者满足订单的要求。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; clear: both; text-indent: 43px; background: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); letter-spacing: 2px; font-size: 17px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: &quot;思源黑体 CN Regular&quot;;">事实上生产计划人员的日常工作是非常忙碌的，因为客户的订单以及实际的生产状态非常的复杂，在人机料法环上会出问题的远远不是料一块。当然我们必须意识到供应商以及供应商所代表的物料，承担了一系列我们非常重要的生产支撑。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; clear: both; text-indent: 43px; background: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); letter-spacing: 2px; font-size: 17px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: &quot;思源黑体 CN Regular&quot;;">因此如果供应商的生产工序或者供应商的物料出现了供货的问题，采购必须及时的和生产计划部门去做沟通，以变更和协调其他供应商去更改自己的生产计划。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; clear: both; text-indent: 43px; background: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); letter-spacing: 2px; font-size: 17px;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: &quot;思源黑体 CN Regular&quot;;">反过来，生产计划人员每天也在调整自己的生产计划，以安排合适的产能的分布以及供应的计划，这些事情均会通过制造</span>ERP/MOM软件（例如慧工云IN3平台），及时的反映出原来我们的采购申请或者采购订单的变更的情况。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; clear: both; text-indent: 43px; background: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); letter-spacing: 2px; font-size: 17px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: &quot;思源黑体 CN Regular&quot;;">事实上，在成熟的管理企业中，生产进度的管理或者生产计划的变更所产生的供应商沟通工作，占据了采购员绝大部分的时间。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; clear: both; text-indent: 43px; background: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); letter-spacing: 2px; font-size: 17px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: &quot;思源黑体 CN Regular&quot;;"><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"/></span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; clear: both; text-indent: 43px; background: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); letter-spacing: 2px; font-size: 17px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: &quot;思源黑体 CN Regular&quot;;">优化生产管理方式或库存管理方式</span></strong></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; clear: both; text-indent: 43px; background: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); letter-spacing: 2px; font-size: 17px;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: &quot;思源黑体 CN Regular&quot;;">这是一个更加高阶，但是往往被我们忽略的方向，即生产计划的人员和生产管理人员需要和我们的采购人员坐在一起，探讨更好的生产管理方式或者库存管理方式，包括但不限于推动</span>JIT准时生产，寄售、VMI库存等等的方式，进一步的加强供应链的透明。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; clear: both; text-indent: 43px; background: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); letter-spacing: 2px; font-size: 17px;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: &quot;思源黑体 CN Regular&quot;;">事实上没有生产计划人员的配合，一系列的制造工作改善是没有办法通过采购员单独去推动的。比如</span>JIT准时生产，采购方就必须和供应商构建非常紧密的关系，共享双方的库存和订单的信息。而VMI(供应商管理库存)，甚至采购方的企业需要将自己的需求预测、生产计划完整的开放给供应商，供应商则主动的准备库存零件，甚至供应商再往上游的预测库存准备，以避免采购方和整个供应链链条的库存断货。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; clear: both; text-indent: 43px; background: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); letter-spacing: 2px; font-size: 17px;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: &quot;思源黑体 CN Regular&quot;;">这样看来，生产计划部门和采购远远不是简单的上下游的关系，也希望所有的采购员可以和生产计划部门好好的聊一聊。</span>&nbsp;<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: &quot;思源黑体 CN Regular&quot;;">看一看在编制生产计划，提出采购申请和采购订单需求，生产计划的管理进度和变更，以及进一步改善生产管理的方式上，大家能够一起去做些什么。</span></span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; clear: both; text-indent: 43px; background: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); letter-spacing: 2px; font-size: 17px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: &quot;思源黑体 CN Regular&quot;;"><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"/></span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; clear: both; text-indent: 43px; background: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); letter-spacing: 2px; font-size: 17px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: &quot;思源黑体 CN Regular&quot;;">给大家出个思考题，欢迎大家站在生产的角度谈一谈采购，或者站在采购的角度谈一谈生产。我们会在精益群里边和大家好好的聊一聊。</span></p></section></section></section></section><p></p><section powered-by="xiumi.us" style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: center; line-height: 2; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; clear: both; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; 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